Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi, born on November 19, 1954, in Cairo, Egypt, is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has served as the President of Egypt since June 2014[1][3][7]. He graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in 1977 and advanced through various military roles, including commander of a mechanized infantry division and director of military intelligence in 2010[1][6]. Following the 2011 uprising that ousted President Hosni Mubarak, Sisi was a member of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which governed Egypt temporarily[1]. In August 2012, then-President Mohammed Morsi appointed Sisi as Minister of Defense and commander of the armed forces[1]. In July 2013, Sisi led the military removal of Morsi from power amid mass protests, becoming Egypt's de facto leader[1]. He was subsequently elected president in May 2014 and re-elected in March 2018[1]. As president, Sisi has pursued a strong centralized regime, expanding presidential powers significantly and reinforcing the military’s political primacy[2]. His administration has implemented a model of state capitalism centered on parastatal agencies, while shifting away from the extensive social welfare policies of the post-1952 republic[2]. Nationalist and religious narratives have been leveraged to consolidate his rule, emphasizing a controlled version of Islam and Arab nationalism[4]. In foreign policy, Sisi has focused on regional stability and development, particularly in Africa, while managing tensions such as the dispute with Ethiopia over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam[3]. Domestically, his rule has faced criticism for authoritarian tendencies and economic challenges, including currency devaluation and handling of the Gaza conflict[3]. Recently, in October 2025, Sisi highlighted Egypt’s diplomatic success in halting the Gaza war and securing humanitarian aid, framing it as part of Egypt’s longstanding role in regional peace and stability[5].